元素周期表
| 1 IA | 2 IIA | 3 IIIB | 4 IVB | 5 VB | 6 VIB | 7 VIIB | 8 VIII | 9 VIII | 10 VIII | 11 IB | 12 IIB | 13 IIIA | 14 IVA | 15 VA | 16 VIA | 17 VIIA | 18 VIIIA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 H 氫 | 2 He 氦 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li 鋰 | 4 Be 鈹 | 5 B 硼 | 6 C 碳 | 7 N 氮 | 8 O 氧 | 9 F 氟 | 10 Ne 氖 | ||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na 鈉 | 12 Mg 鎂 | 13 Al 鋁 | 14 Si 矽 | 15 P 磷 | 16 S 硫 | 17 Cl 氯 | 18 Ar 氬 | ||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K 鉀 | 20 Ca 鈣 | 21 Sc 鈧 | 22 Ti 鈦 | 23 V 釩 | 24 Cr 鉻 | 25 Mn 錳 | 26 Fe 鐵 | 27 Co 鈷 | 28 Ni 鎳 | 29 Cu 銅 | 30 Zn 鋅 | 31 Ga 鎵 | 32 Ge 鍺 | 33 As 砷 | 34 Se 硒 | 35 Br 溴 | 36 Kr 氪 |
| 5 | 37 Rb 銣 | 38 Sr 鍶 | 39 Y 釔 | 40 Zr 鋯 | 41 Nb 鈮 | 42 Mo 鉬 | 43 Tc 鎝 | 44 Ru 釕 | 45 Rh 銠 | 46 Pd 鈀 | 47 Ag 銀 | 48 Cd 鎘 | 49 In 銦 | 50 Sn 錫 | 51 Sb 銻 | 52 Te 碲 | 53 I 碘 | 54 Xe 氙 |
| 6 | 55 Cs 銫 | 56 Ba 鋇 | * | 72 Hf 鉿 | 73 Ta 鉭 | 74 W 鎢 | 75 Re 錸 | 76 Os 鋨 | 77 Ir 銥 | 78 Pt 鉑 | 79 Au 金 | 80 Hg 汞 | 81 Tl 鉈 | 82 Pb 鉛 | 83 Bi 鉍 | 84 Po 釙 | 85 At 砈 | 86 Rn 氡 |
| 7 | 87 Fr 鍅 | 88 Ra 鐳 | ** | 104 Rf 鑪 | 105 Db 𨧀 | 106 Sg 𨭎 | 107 Bh 𨨏 | 108 Hs 𨭆 | 109 Mt 䥑 | 110 Ds 鐽 | 111 Rg 錀 | 112 Cn 鎶 | 113 Nh 鉨 | 114 Fl 鈇 | 115 Mc 鏌 | 116 Lv 鉝 | 117 Ts Tennessine | 118 Og Oganesson |
| 8 | 119 Uue Ununennium | 120 Ubn Unbinilium | 121 Ubu Unbiunium | |||||||||||||||
| * 镧系元素 | 57 La 鑭 | 58 Ce 鈰 | 59 Pr 鐠 | 60 Nd 釹 | 61 Pm 鉕 | 62 Sm 釤 | 63 Eu 銪 | 64 Gd 釓 | 65 Tb 鋱 | 66 Dy 鏑 | 67 Ho 鈥 | 68 Er 鉺 | 69 Tm 銩 | 70 Yb 鐿 | 71 Lu 鎦 | |||
| ** 锕系元素 | 89 Ac 錒 | 90 Th 釷 | 91 Pa 鏷 | 92 U 鈾 | 93 Np 錼 | 94 Pu 鈽 | 95 Am 鋂 | 96 Cm 鋦 | 97 Bk 鉳 | 98 Cf 鉲 | 99 Es 鑀 | 100 Fm 鐨 | 101 Md 鍆 | 102 No 鍩 | 103 Lr 鐒 |
| 锕系元素 | 碱金属 | 碱土金属 | 卤素 | 镧系元素 | 准金属 | 稀有气体 | 活性非金属 | 期 | 过渡金属 | 未知数 |
| 符号 | 原子数 | 原子质量 | 电负性 | 电子配置 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 氫 | H | 1 | 1.00794 | 2.20 | 1s¹ |
| 氦 | He | 2 | 4.002602 | 1s² | |
| 鋰 | Li | 3 | 6.941 | 0.98 | [He] 2s¹ |
| 鈹 | Be | 4 | 9.0121831 | 1.57 | [He] 2s² |
| 硼 | B | 5 | 10.81 | 2.04 | [He] 2s² 2p¹ |
| 碳 | C | 6 | 12.011 | 2.55 | [He] 2s² 2p² |
| 氮 | N | 7 | 14.007 | 3.04 | [He] 2s² 2p³ |
| 氧 | O | 8 | 15.999 | 3.44 | [He] 2s² 2p⁴ |
| 氟 | F | 9 | 18.998403163 | 3.98 | [He] 2s² 2p⁵ |
| 氖 | Ne | 10 | 20.1797 | [He] 2s² 2p⁶ | |
| 鈉 | Na | 11 | 22.98976928 | 0.93 | [Ne] 3s¹ |
| 鎂 | Mg | 12 | 24.305 | 1.31 | [Ne] 3s² |
| 鋁 | Al | 13 | 26.9815384 | 1.61 | [Ne] 3s² 3p¹ |
| 矽 | Si | 14 | 28.085 | 1.9 | [Ne] 3s² 3p² |
| 磷 | P | 15 | 30.973761998 | 2.19 | [Ne] 3s² 3p³ |
| 硫 | S | 16 | 32.06 | 2.58 | [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴ |
| 氯 | Cl | 17 | 35.45 | 3.16 | [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵ |
| 氬 | Ar | 18 | 39.948 | [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶ | |
| 鉀 | K | 19 | 39.0983 | 0.82 | [Ar] 4s¹ |
| 鈣 | Ca | 20 | 40.078 | 1 | [Ar] 4s² |
| 鈧 | Sc | 21 | 44.955908 | 1.36 | [Ar] 3d¹ 4s² |
| 鈦 | Ti | 22 | 47.867 | 1.54 | [Ar] 3d² 4s² |
| 釩 | V | 23 | 50.9415 | 1.63 | [Ar] 3d³ 4s² |
| 鉻 | Cr | 24 | 51.9961 | 1.66 | [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ |
| 錳 | Mn | 25 | 54.938043 | 1.55 | [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s² |
| 鐵 | Fe | 26 | 55.845 | 1.83 | [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² |
| 鈷 | Co | 27 | 58.933194 | 1.88 | [Ar] 3d⁷ 4s² |
| 鎳 | Ni | 28 | 58.6934 | 1.91 | [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s² |
| 銅 | Cu | 29 | 63.546 | 1.9 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹ |
| 鋅 | Zn | 30 | 65.38 | 1.65 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² |
| 鎵 | Ga | 31 | 69.723 | 1.81 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹ |
| 鍺 | Ge | 32 | 72.630 | 2.01 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p² |
| 砷 | As | 33 | 74.921595 | 2.18 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p³ |
| 硒 | Se | 34 | 78.971 | 2.55 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴ |
| 溴 | Br | 35 | 79.904 | 2.96 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵ |
| 氪 | Kr | 36 | 83.798 | 3 | [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ |
| 銣 | Rb | 37 | 85.4678 | 0.82 | [Kr] 5s¹ |
| 鍶 | Sr | 38 | 87.62 | 0.95 | [Kr] 5s² |
| 釔 | Y | 39 | 88.90584 | 1.22 | [Kr] 4d¹ 5s² |
| 鋯 | Zr | 40 | 91.224 | 1.33 | [Kr] 4d² 5s² |
| 鈮 | Nb | 41 | 92.90637 | 1.6 | [Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹ |
| 鉬 | Mo | 42 | 95.95 | 2.16 | [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹ |
| 鎝 | Tc | 43 | [98] | 1.9 | [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s² |
| 釕 | Ru | 44 | 101.07 | 2.2 | [Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹ |
| 銠 | Rh | 45 | 102.90549 | 2.28 | [Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹ |
| 鈀 | Pd | 46 | 106.42 | 2.2 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ |
| 銀 | Ag | 47 | 107.8682 | 1.93 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s¹ |
| 鎘 | Cd | 48 | 112.414 | 1.69 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² |
| 銦 | In | 49 | 114.818 | 1.78 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹ |
| 錫 | Sn | 50 | 118.710 | 1.96 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p² |
| 銻 | Sb | 51 | 121.760 | 2.05 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³ |
| 碲 | Te | 52 | 127.60 | 2.1 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁴ |
| 碘 | I | 53 | 126.90447 | 2.66 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵ |
| 氙 | Xe | 54 | 131.293 | 2.6 | [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ |
| 銫 | Cs | 55 | 132.90545196 | 0.79 | [Xe] 6s¹ |
| 鋇 | Ba | 56 | 137.327 | 0.89 | [Xe] 6s² |
| 鑭 | La | 57 | 138.90547 | 1.1 | [Xe] 5d¹ 6s² |
| 鈰 | Ce | 58 | 140.116 | 1.12 | [Xe] 4f¹ 5d¹ 6s² |
| 鐠 | Pr | 59 | 140.90766 | 1.13 | [Xe] 4f³ 6s² |
| 釹 | Nd | 60 | 144.242 | 1.14 | [Xe] 4f⁴ 6s² |
| 鉕 | Pm | 61 | [145] | 1.13 | [Xe] 4f⁵ 6s² |
| 釤 | Sm | 62 | 150.36 | 1.17 | [Xe] 4f⁶ 6s² |
| 銪 | Eu | 63 | 151.964 | 1.2 | [Xe] 4f⁷ 6s² |
| 釓 | Gd | 64 | 157.25 | 1.2 | [Xe] 4f⁷ 5d¹ 6s² |
| 鋱 | Tb | 65 | 158.925354 | 1.2 | [Xe] 4f⁹ 6s² |
| 鏑 | Dy | 66 | 162.500 | 1.22 | [Xe] 4f¹⁰ 6s² |
| 鈥 | Ho | 67 | 164.930328 | 1.23 | [Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s² |
| 鉺 | Er | 68 | 167.259 | 1.24 | [Xe] 4f¹² 6s² |
| 銩 | Tm | 69 | 168.934218 | 1.25 | [Xe] 4f¹³ 6s² |
| 鐿 | Yb | 70 | 173.045 | 1.1 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 6s² |
| 鎦 | Lu | 71 | 174.9668 | 1.27 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹ 6s² |
| 鉿 | Hf | 72 | 178.49 | 1.3 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s² |
| 鉭 | Ta | 73 | 180.94788 | 1.5 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d³ 6s² |
| 鎢 | W | 74 | 183.84 | 2.36 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s² |
| 錸 | Re | 75 | 186.207 | 1.9 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵ 6s² |
| 鋨 | Os | 76 | 190.23 | 2.2 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s² |
| 銥 | Ir | 77 | 192.217 | 2.2 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁷ 6s² |
| 鉑 | Pt | 78 | 195.084 | 2.28 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹ |
| 金 | Au | 79 | 196.966570 | 2.54 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹ |
| 汞 | Hg | 80 | 200.592 | 2 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² |
| 鉈 | Tl | 81 | 204.38 | 1.62 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p¹ |
| 鉛 | Pb | 82 | 207.2 | 1.87 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p² |
| 鉍 | Bi | 83 | 208.98040 | 2.02 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³ |
| 釙 | Po | 84 | [209] | 2.0 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁴ |
| 砈 | At | 85 | [210] | 2.2 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁵ |
| 氡 | Rn | 86 | [222] | 2.2 | [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶ |
| 鍅 | Fr | 87 | [223] | 0.7 | [Rn] 7s¹ |
| 鐳 | Ra | 88 | [226] | 0.9 | [Rn] 7s² |
| 錒 | Ac | 89 | [227] | 1.1 | [Rn] 6d¹ 7s² |
| 釷 | Th | 90 | 232.0377 | 1.3 | [Rn] 6d² 7s² |
| 鏷 | Pa | 91 | 231.03588 | 1.5 | [Rn] 5f² 6d¹ 7s² |
| 鈾 | U | 92 | 238.02891 | 1.38 | [Rn] 5f³ 6d¹ 7s² |
| 錼 | Np | 93 | [237] | 1.36 | [Rn] 5f⁴ 6d¹ 7s² |
| 鈽 | Pu | 94 | [244] | 1.28 | [Rn] 5f⁶ 7s² |
| 鋂 | Am | 95 | [243] | 1.13 | [Rn] 5f⁷ 7s² |
| 鋦 | Cm | 96 | [247] | 1.28 | [Rn] 5f⁷ 6d¹ 7s² |
| 鉳 | Bk | 97 | [247] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f⁹ 7s² |
| 鉲 | Cf | 98 | [251] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s² |
| 鑀 | Es | 99 | [252] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹¹ 7s² |
| 鐨 | Fm | 100 | [257] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹² 7s² |
| 鍆 | Md | 101 | [258] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹³ 7s² |
| 鍩 | No | 102 | [259] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s² |
| 鐒 | Lr | 103 | [266] | 1.3 | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s² 7p¹ |
| 鑪 | Rf | 104 | [267] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s² | |
| 𨧀 | Db | 105 | [268] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d³ 7s² | |
| 𨭎 | Sg | 106 | [269] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s² | |
| 𨨏 | Bh | 107 | [270] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵ 7s² | |
| 𨭆 | Hs | 108 | [270] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶ 7s² | |
| 䥑 | Mt | 109 | [278] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁷ 7s² | |
| 鐽 | Ds | 110 | [281] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸ 7s² | |
| 錀 | Rg | 111 | [282] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁹ 7s² | |
| 鎶 | Cn | 112 | [285] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² | |
| 鉨 | Nh | 113 | [286] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p¹ | |
| 鈇 | Fl | 114 | [289] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p² | |
| 鏌 | Mc | 115 | [290] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p³ | |
| 鉝 | Lv | 116 | [293] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁴ | |
| Tennessine | Ts | 117 | [294] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁵ | |
| Oganesson | Og | 118 | [294] | [Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁶ | |
| Ununennium | Uue | 119 | 315 | 0.86 | [Og] 8s¹ |
| Unbinilium | Ubn | 120 | 299 | 0.91 | [Og] 8s² |
| Unbiunium | Ubu | 121 | None | [Og] 8s² 8p¹ |
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